ACI 440.2R PDF

ACI 440.2R – Guide for the Design and Construction of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Structures

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) systems for strengthening concrete structures are an alternative to traditional strengthening techniques such as steel plate bonding, section enlargement, and external post-tensioning. FRP strengthening systems use FRP composite materials as supplemental externally-bonded or near-surface-mounted reinforcement. FRP systems offer advantages over traditional strengthening techniques: they are lightweight, relatively easy to install, and noncorroding. Due to the characteristics of FRP materials as well as the behavior of members strengthened with FRP, specific guidance on the use of these systems is needed. This guide offers general information on the history and use of FRP strengthening systems; a description of the material properties of FRP; and recommendations on the engineering, construction, and inspection of FRP systems used to strengthen concrete structures. This guide is based on the knowledge gained from experimental research, analytical work, and field applications of FRP systems used to strengthen concrete structures.