ACI 309R PDF

ACI 309R – Guide for Consolidation of Concrete

Consolidation is the process of removing entrapped air from freshly placed concrete. Several methods and techniques are available, the choice depending on the workability of the mixture, placing conditions, and degree of air removal desired. Some form of vibration is usually employed.

This guide includes information on the mechanism of consolidation and gives recommendations on equipment, characteristics, and procedures for various classes of construction.